Car ac and Air-conditioner compressor functions and operation systems solution problem

Car ac and Air-conditioner functions and operation systems solution problem 

The car's AC compressor plays a crucial role in the functioning of the vehicle's air conditioning system. Its primary function is to circulate and compress the refrigerant gas in the AC system which allows for the transfer of heat and the cooling of the cabin.

Here's a brief overview of how the car AC compressor operates:-

1. Compressor Pulley:- The AC compressor is typically belt-driven by the engine via a pulley system. When the engine is running the rotation of the crankshaft drives the compressor pulley.

2. Clutch Assembly:- The AC compressor is equipped with a clutch assembly which allows the compressor to engage and disengage as needed. The clutch is controlled by an electromagnetic coil that engages the compressor when the AC is turned on.

3. Refrigerant Circulation:- The AC compressor receives low-pressure, gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator located inside the car's cabin. As the refrigerant enters the compressor, it passes through the suction port.

4. Compression:- The compressor compresses the low-pressure refrigerant gas, raising its temperature and pressure. This process is crucial for heat transfer and cooling. The compressed refrigerant is then discharged from the compressor through the discharge port.

5. Condenser:- The high-pressure, hot refrigerant gas leaves the compressor and enters the condenser. The condenser, typically located in front of the radiator, helps dissipate heat from the refrigerant, causing it to cool and liquefy.

6. Expansion Valve:- The cooled, liquefied refrigerant then flows through the expansion valve or orifice tube, where its pressure drops significantly. This causes the refrigerant to evaporate and absorb heat from the cabin, resulting in cool air.

7. Evaporator:- The evaporator, located inside the car's cabin, facilitates the heat exchange process. As the warm air from the cabin passes over the evaporator coils, the refrigerant absorbs the heat, cooling the air.

8. Blower Fan:- The blower fan in the HVAC system pushes the cooled air through the vents and into the cabin providing the desired cooling effect.

9. Cycle Continuation:- The now-gaseous refrigerant returns to the compressor to repeat the cycle and maintain a continuous flow of cool air, as long as the AC system is operational.

It's important to note that the AC compressor requires regular maintenance and may sometimes fail due to issues such as mechanical failure electrical problems or refrigerant leaks. In such cases it is recommended to have the system inspected by a qualified technician for proper diagnosis and repair.


AC [Air-conditioner] Compressor:- Function and Operation



An AC (air conditioning) compressor is a vital component of an air conditioning system that plays a crucial role in cooling the air and maintaining a comfortable indoor(room) temperature. It is typically located in the outdoor unit of a split air conditioning system or within the engine compartment of a vehicle(car,bus).

The primary function of an AC compressor is to circulate refrigerant gas within the air conditioning system. It works by compressing the low-pressure refrigerant gas into high-pressure gas which increases its temperature. This high-pressure, high-temperature gas then flows to the condenser coil where it releases heat to the surrounding air, causing the gas to condense into a high-pressure liquid (same looking color in water) .

Let's delve into the process in more detail:-

1. Refrigerant Flow:- The refrigerant, usually a chemical compound such as (R-410A or R-134a), begins its journey in a gaseous state. It enters the compressor from the evaporator coil, having absorbed heat from the indoor environment.

2. Compression:- The compressor consists of a motor, piston, and a cylinder. When the refrigerant gas enters the cylinder, the motor drives the piston(steel rode) to compress the gas. As the piston moves downward, it creates a vacuum drawing in the low-pressure gas. Then as the piston moves upward it compresses the gas, reducing its volume and increasing its pressure and temperature significantly.

3. Discharge:- Once the gas is compressed, it is discharged from the compressor as a high-pressure, high-temperature gas. This gas is now ready to release its heat to the outdoor environment.

4. Condenser Coil:- The high-pressure gas flows into the condenser coil which is designed with a series of metal fins to facilitate heat transfer. As the gas moves through the condenser coil, it comes into contact with cooler outside air. This causes the high-pressure gas to release heat, transferring it to the air and resulting in the gas condensing into a high-pressure liquid.

5. Expansion Valve:- The high-pressure liquid then passes through an expansion valve, which is a small orifice. The valve restricts the flow of the liquid refrigerant, causing a pressure drop. As the pressure drops, the refrigerant also undergoes a temperature drop, becoming a low-pressure, low-temperature liquid.

6. Evaporator Coil:- The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator coil, located in the indoor unit of the air conditioning system or the vehicle's air vents. Warm air from the indoor environment or the vehicle cabin is blown over the evaporator coil, absorbing heat from the air and causing the refrigerant to evaporate into a low-pressure gas.

7. Repeat Cycle:- The low-pressure gas then returns to the compressor, and the entire process repeats to maintain a continuous flow of cooled air.

By compressing the refrigerant gas and increasing its temperature, the AC compressor plays a vital role in transferring heat from the indoor environment to the outdoor environment, resulting in a cooler and more comfortable indoor space.